OF DAY'lUX, OlllU. ' FLYING-MACHINE. fipeciflcatiqn ofLettera Patent. .Eatented May 22, 1906. Application fi1 ad'Mai-ch 28,190- Serial No. 149.220; 1 and WILBUR Wmen'r, citizens of-the United n of Montgomery, and State of .0. States, residing in the city of Da ton, county no, have invented as eciiicat'ion; ur invention rlatesto that class …USPTO’s new Diversity Information Platform: Advancing innovation through data-driven action. The unique online platform is free and available to anyone with an internet connection. Home page of the United States Patent and …A method for inducing cats to exercise consists of directing a beam of invisible light produced by a hand-held laser apparatus onto the floor or wall or other opaque surface in the vicinity of the cat, then moving the laser so as to cause the bright pattern of light to move in an irregular way fascinating to cats, and to any other animal with a ...US20200054559A1. The present invention provides compositions and systems for delivery of nanocarriers to cells of the immune system. The invention provides vaccine nanocarriers capable of stimulating an immune response in T cells and/or in B cells, in some embodiments, comprising at least one immunomodulatory agent, and optionally …a further embodiment of the invention is a process for stabilizing ascorbic acid for storage, the process comprising combining 0.2% to 0.5% of a cinnamic acid derivative, such as p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, sinapinic acid, a derivative thereof, or a combination thereof; 10% to 60% of a solvent comprising a glycol ether and an alkanediol; and water; …UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. NIKOLA TESLA, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOB O F ONE-HALF TO CHARLES F. PECK, OF ENGLEWOOD, NEW JERSEY. ELECTRO-MAGN-ETIC MOTOR. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 381.968, dated May-1, 1888. Application filed October 12. 1857.Мы хотели бы показать здесь описание, но сайт, который вы просматриваете, этого не позволяет.Jun 4, 2021 · Formula to generate search URLs. This file: Google spreadsheet 10. Filter search results. Lastly, on the search result page, you can apply different filters on the “Patent Office”, the ... Publication Publication Date Title. CN105069156A 2015-11-18 Patent searching system. CN105138661B 2018-10-30 A kind of network security daily record k-means cluster analysis systems and method based on Hadoop. DE602005007722D1 2008-08-07 MULTIPLE ACCESS POINTS.Description. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION. The present invention relates to an electric rice cooker and, more particularly, to an electric rice cooker in which the cooking heater is controlled in accordance with the actual kettle temperature measured by a temperature sensor, thereby performing the rice cooking operation. Abstract. A spacecraft having a triangular hull with vertical electrostatic line charges on each corner that produce a horizontal electric field parallel to the sides of the hull. This field, interacting with a plane wave emitted by antennas on the side of the hull, generates a force per volume combining both lift and propulsion. The vaccine is an ultimate weapon for eliminating major infectious diseases, has the advantages of lowest cost and more advantages of prior enemy than other therapies, undoubtedly becomes hopeful to the public, the smallpox is eliminated by human beings through vaccination, the poliomyelitis cases are reduced by 99 percent, the infectious diseases such as diphtheria are rare, and the incidence ... Opens Google Patents for a selected patent identifier. This solution allows you to quickly open Google Patents for a selected patent identifier. Select a patent identifier in text, then open the context menu and select "Open Google Patents" from the menu. You can normally open the context menu by right-clicking.Aug 30, 2016 · Today, we're announcing the addition of 11 more countries to Google Patents with over 41 million new patent publications, bringing the total to over 87 million publications from 17 patent offices around the world. Starting today, you can now search for patents and applications from Japan, South Korea, the United Kingdom, Spain, France, Belgium ... The present invention describes a liquid injectable composition comprising acetaminophen, hydroxyethylstarch and at least one osmolality agent. Further, the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for the prophylaxis and treatment of pain and fever containing said injectable composition. Additionally, the invention relates to a process for the …Patents laws. Search for a patent. Apply for a patent. Forms and fees. HK IP Journal. Patents Examination Guidelines. Managing your patent. FAQs. Patent system since December 2019 and New initiatives.USPTO’s new Diversity Information Platform: Advancing innovation through data-driven action. The unique online platform is free and available to anyone with an internet connection. Home page of the United States Patent and …The patent file contains at least one drawing executed in color. Copies of this patent with a color drawing will be provided by the Office upon request and payment of the necessary fee. FIG. 1 is a front view of a graphical user interface for a display screen or portion thereof showing our new design; and, A method is provided for acquiring and transmitting biometric data (e.g., vital signs) of a user, where the data is analyzed to determine whether the user is suffering from a viral infection, such as COVID-19. The method includes using a pulse oximeter to acquire at least pulse and blood oxygen saturation percentage, which is transmitted ... JP2016523981A5 - - Google Patents. Other languages. English. Worldwide applications. 2014 PT CA WO EP BR RS JP HU CN SI US ES AU EP PL DK LT 2016 IL 2018 US US 2020 US 2021 CY HR 2023 US. Application JP2016525813A events. 2013-08-13. Priority claimed from US13/966,229. 2014-07-11.Google has long history of making patent data universally accessible and useful, starting more than 10 years ago by scanning old US patents into Google Patents. Today, Google is...The present disclosure relates to the field of vaccines and binding molecules, as well as preparations and methods of their use in the treatment and/or prevention of disease. Described are vaccines and binding molecules, compositions containing the same, and uses thereof for treating or preventing coronavirus infections, in particular, β …To cite a patent in APA Style, list the name of the inventor, the year it was issued (in parentheses), the title of the patent (in italics), the patent number, the name of the issuing body, and the URL if available. Our free APA Citation Generator can help you create accurate citations quickly and easily. Inventor name, Initials. ( Year ).For questions, technical issues or troubleshooting, please contact the Patent Electronic Business Center at [email protected] or 866-217-9197. Monday - Friday, 6 a.m. - 12 a.m. ET. share Share this page print Print this page. Additional information about this page. Filing and application management incorporated within a single user interface for ... Publication Publication Date Title. US3951134A 1976-04-20 Apparatus and method for remotely monitoring and altering brain waves. US5458123A 1995-10-17 System for monitoring patient location and data. US3603881A 1971-09-07 Frequency shift telemetry system with both radio and wire transmission paths. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.OF DAY'lUX, OlllU. ' FLYING-MACHINE. fipeciflcatiqn ofLettera Patent. .Eatented May 22, 1906. Application fi1 ad'Mai-ch 28,190- Serial No. 149.220; 1 and WILBUR Wmen'r, citizens of-the United n of Montgomery, and State of .0. States, residing in the city of Da ton, county no, have invented as eciiicat'ion; ur invention rlatesto that class …This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 61/975,601 , filed April 4, 2014, entitled "Systems and Methods for Injectable Devices," incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. GOVERNMENT FUNDING. This invention was made with government support under Grant No.A slide-stopacuated by the magazine-follower to arrest the breech-slide in the open position when the magazine is empty,'has beenheretofore described and shown in the United States Patent- No. 708794, granted to me September 9, 1902, but the construction of the slide-stop as an integral part of the handle of the pivot-pin securing "the barrel and the breech …What is Google Patents. Google Patents is Google's own patent search tool. It draws on patents from more than 100 of the biggest patent offices from around the world, enabling you to search across more than 120 million documents. As such it rivals the EPO's Espacenet for coverage. Full-text patent documents are indexed from 20 of the …We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.Table of Contents. How to use Google Patents for Patent Searching. 3 Tips for Refining Google Patent Search Queries. 3 Tips for Narrowing Google Patent Search Results. 3 …1. Start with a simple keyword search. Go to patents.google.com and enter the keywords in the search bar. Example query: oral care. This will returns patents …Description. Therapeutic Uses of Tirzepatide. The present invention relates to the field of medicine. Provided are methods relating to treating, preventing, or delaying disorders relating to cognition, such as cognitive decline, cognitive impairment or dementia. Provided are methods relating to treating, preventing, or delaying heart failure.Publication Publication Date Title. US4996044A 1991-02-26 Lipstick formulation and method. CA1333572C 1994-12-20 High gloss, high-shine lipstick. KR100654062B1 2006-12-05 Partial Make-up Cosmetic Composition of Solid Type and Water-in-oil Type. AU650760B2 1994-06-30 Coloured cosmetic sticks.The device of claim 1, further comprising a compressed gas source within the container and piped to release compressed gas within the mosquito breeding bin. US14/549,3052014-11-202014-11-20Toxic mosquito aerial release system ActiveUS8967029B1(en) Priority Applications (1) Application Number.Patent Opportunity Submission Portal – Google. Google receives many unsolicited patent inquiries. In order to help us route and evaluate your request, please use the following …Google Patents Advanced Search. Search and read the full text of patents from around the world with Google Patents, and find prior art in our index of non-patent literature.2. An electronic cigarette, comprising: a housing; a mouthpiece on the housing; an LED at a first end of the housing; an air inlet for providing air into the housing; a battery and a sensor electrically connected to an electronic circuit board within the housing, with the sensor in a stream passage in the housing;Patent: A patent is a government license that gives the holder exclusive rights to a process, design or new invention for a designated period of time. Applications for patents are usually handled ...Google's most cited patents tend to revolve around search algorithms, data processing, and advertising technologies: 1. PageRank Algorithm: Although this was one of Google's …US4877027A - Hearing system - Google Patents Hearing system Download PDF Info Publication number US4877027A ... (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.) Expired - Lifetime Application number US07/202,679 Did you know you can perform a patent search on Google? Check out this Google patent search tutorial! (FREE resources included below...) ⏬Registered USPTO pa... The invention belongs to the field of nano materials and biomedicine, and relates to a vaccine, in particular to development of 2019-nCoV coronavirus nuclear recombinant nano vaccine. The invention also comprises a preparation method of the vaccine and application of the vaccine in animal experiments. The new corona vaccine contains graphene oxide, …3. Choose the type of protection. 4. Draft your patent application. 5. Wait for a formal response. Applying for a patent is a long and involved process. It helps enormously to know the steps of the patent application process. These five steps will help you plan out the patent process as you seek to protect your invention.In (2) the IP Server will process the request and invoke the Patent Search Engine to search for the desired patents. In (3) the Patent Search engine will perform an enhanced search of the dataset comprising both the Basic Patent Text Database and the Enhanced Patent Metadata Database. There can be two operations: a.Today, we're announcing the addition of 11 more countries to Google Patents with over 41 million new patent publications, bringing the total to over 87 million publications from 17 patent offices around the world. Starting today, you can now search for patents and applications from Japan, South Korea, the United Kingdom, Spain, France, …Google Patents organizes the world's inventions to make them universally accessible and useful. As part of this goal, Google has machine-annotated the worldwide …The invention belongs to the field of nano materials and biomedicine, and relates to a vaccine, in particular to development of 2019-nCoV coronavirus nuclear recombinant nano vaccine. The invention also comprises a preparation method of the vaccine and application of the vaccine in animal experiments. The new corona vaccine contains graphene oxide, …One embodiment of the present subject matter includes a cushion including a case containing a filling of foam pieces, the filling made by the process of feeding a foam block into a cutting machine; cutting the foam block with the cutting machine; collecting a first plurality of foam pieces with an approximately 0.375 inch to an approximately 0.625 inch …6. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the semaglutide has a purity of at least 99.2% and the composition contains less than 0.10% of each process-realated impurity. 7. Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for preparing a pharmaceutical composition. 8.6. The controller of claim 1, wherein the input device is a button, the button being configured to activate a sharing interface for sharing recorded gameplay to a social graph of a user. 7. The controller of claim 6, wherein sharing recorded gameplay includes sharing one or more of an image or a video clip.The device of claim 1, further comprising a compressed gas source within the container and piped to release compressed gas within the mosquito breeding bin. US14/549,3052014-11-202014-11-20Toxic mosquito aerial release system ActiveUS8967029B1(en) Priority Applications (1) Application Number.The device of claim 1, further comprising a compressed gas source within the container and piped to release compressed gas within the mosquito breeding bin. US14/549,3052014-11-202014-11-20Toxic mosquito aerial release system ActiveUS8967029B1(en) Priority Applications (1) Application Number.Online patent tools. Locate online patent services and information. Patent Center. Single interface replacement for EFS-Web, Private PAIR and Public PAIR. Electronic Business Center; Check application status. Check patent application status with Patent Center. Fees and payment. Pay maintenance fees and learn more about filing … Patents. We currently index full-text documents from the following patent offices: You can see the real-time number of documents that are included from each patent office by clicking on "around the world" on patents.google.com . These totals include all patents and published applications in our index, but we cannot guarantee complete coverage. Data provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services. A method for administration of ibuprofen to a subject in need of ibuprofen treatment is provided, in which an oral dosage form comprising a therapeutically effective amount of ibuprofen and a therapeutically effective amount of famotidine is administered three times per day.A slide-stopacuated by the magazine-follower to arrest the breech-slide in the open position when the magazine is empty,'has beenheretofore described and shown in the United States Patent- No. 708794, granted to me September 9, 1902, but the construction of the slide-stop as an integral part of the handle of the pivot-pin securing "the barrel and the breech …T NE 555 NITE- STATES ATENT' O FICE; SETH YVHEELER, OF ALBANY, NEYV YORK. WRAPPING OR `TOILET PAPER ROLL. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 459516, dated September 15, 1891, Application filed June 10. 1891.We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, ... Google and other technology companies founded the LOT Network in 2014 to combat patent assertion entities by cross-licensing patents, ...a further embodiment of the invention is a process for stabilizing ascorbic acid for storage, the process comprising combining 0.2% to 0.5% of a cinnamic acid derivative, such as p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, sinapinic acid, a derivative thereof, or a combination thereof; 10% to 60% of a solvent comprising a glycol ether and an alkanediol; and water; …The present disclosure provides a DNA-targeting RNA that comprises a targeting sequence and, together with a modifying polypeptide, provides for site-specific modification of a target DNA and/or a polypeptide associated with the target DNA. The present disclosure further provides site-specific modifying polypeptides. The present disclosure further provides …38,268. 2022. 35,315. 1,173. 12,077. 13,699. 62,264. In 2022, China was granted more patents than every other country combined. While this suggests that the …Cite a patent issued to an inventor by a legal authority. Source type. Required. Title. Required. Container title. Contributors. Required. Add person.The smart glass 100 includes a first camera 110, a second camera 120, a glass 130, a controller 140, a microphone 150, an audio output device 160, a touch sensor 170, a memory 180, and a wireless communication device 190. [0027] The components included in the smart glass 100 are described below.UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. NIKOLA TESLA, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOB O F ONE-HALF TO CHARLES F. PECK, OF ENGLEWOOD, NEW JERSEY. ELECTRO-MAGN-ETIC MOTOR. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 381.968, dated May-1, 1888. Application filed October 12. 1857.Additional advanced tip – Google Patents also includes the capability of searching non-patent literature using all the tips and tricks mentioned above. A user may simply select the “Scholar” look-alike logo to include the non-patent literature (the “Bulb” look-alike logo is to search the patent literature ).Publication Publication Date Title. US465588A 1891-12-22 Toilet-paper roll. US453003A 1891-05-26 Toilet or wrapping paper. US714652A 1902-11-25 Toilet-paper. JP6657502B2 2020-03-04 Film package. US405412A 1889-06-18 Perforated paper. US459516A 1891-09-15 Wrapping or tolier paper roll.We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.When we started Google Patents almost 10 years ago, our mission was to make patents more easily accessible. Today, we're announcing the addition of 11 more …Google has long history of making patent data universally accessible and useful, starting more than 10 years ago by scanning old US patents into Google Patents. Today, Google is...A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, ... Google and other technology companies founded the LOT Network in 2014 to combat patent assertion entities by cross-licensing patents, ...This invention is a training system that enables a human being to acquire sufficient hyperspace energy in order to pull the body out of dimension so that the person can walk through solid objects such as wooden doors. A human being is a hyperspace energy being living in a physical container or body that is comprised of 67% water. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.2. A coil composed'of contiguous or adjacent insulated conductors electrically con; nected in seriesand having a potential ditference of such value as to give to the coil as a whole, a capacity sufficient to neutralize its self-induction, as set forth. NIKOLA TESLA. ` …Consolidated Rules – The patent rules in effect as of March 29, 2024. Subsequent Publications (After July 31, 2022) – A listing of documents that made changes to USPTO patent examining policies and procedures after July 31, 2022, and are under consideration for inclusion in a future publication of the MPEP. This listing is current as of ...Did you know you can perform a patent search on Google? Check out this Google patent search tutorial! (FREE resources included below...) ⏬Registered USPTO pa...Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.) 2010-04-30 Filing date 2017-03 ... of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Nos. 61/650,866, filed May 23, 2012 and 61/490,952 filed May 27, 2011. U.S. patent application Nos. Ser. No. 15/002,225 filed Jan. 20, 2016 and Ser. No. 15/ ...Formula to generate search URLs. This file: Google spreadsheet 10. Filter search results. Lastly, on the search result page, you can apply different filters on the “Patent Office”, the ... The invention discloses a patent searching system, which comprises an IPC (Information Processing Center) classification searching module, an applicant searching module, an application number searching module, a patent display module and a statistic analysis module, wherein all modules are connected through a network, share out the work and cooperate with each other; and a small-sized database ... Example 3 of said patent discloses that 18 PPM of said crystal devices could totally suppress the AIDS virus (page 6, line 5). Subsequent to the filing of the aforementioned patent, further testing revealed complete 100% destruction of the AIDS virus in vitro at 20 PPM, and the fact that said devices were harmless when ingested and inhaled ... The patent file contains at least one drawing executed in color. Copies of this patent with a color drawing will be provided by the Office upon request and payment of the necessary fee. FIG. 1 is a front view of a graphical user interface for a display screen or portion thereof showing our new design; and,US8366547B2 * 2010-12-06 2013-02-05 Ignite Game Technologies, Inc. Racing car wheel and controls for use in a multimedia interactive environment. US8641525B2 2011-06-17 2014-02-04 Ironburg Inventions Ltd. Controller for video game console.The PATENTSCOPE database provides access to: published International PCT applications in full-text on the day of publication. patent documents from participating national and regional offices. non-patent literature. For your patent searches, you can use a variety of search criterias such as keywords, IPC, chemical compounds, numbers and …The present disclosure relates to the field of vaccines and binding molecules, as well as preparations and methods of their use in the treatment and/or prevention of disease. Described are vaccines and binding molecules, compositions containing the same, and uses thereof for treating or preventing coronavirus infections, in particular, β …Apr 25, 2024 · This patent search tool allows you not only to search the PCT database of about 2 million International Applications but also the worldwide patent collections. This search facility features: flexible search syntax; automatic word stemming and relevance ranking; as well as graphical results. Publication Publication Date Title. US465588A 1891-12-22 Toilet-paper roll. US453003A 1891-05-26 Toilet or wrapping paper. US714652A 1902-11-25 Toilet-paper. JP6657502B2 2020-03-04 Film package. US405412A 1889-06-18 Perforated paper. US459516A 1891-09-15 Wrapping or tolier paper roll.Hashes for google_patent_scraper-1.0.8.tar.gz; Algorithm Hash digest; SHA256: cfe6abade27867c94a4d3abb522f76d4a7da2827942c1c548fbd10608731ea48: Copy : MD5
Description. Therapeutic Uses of Tirzepatide. The present invention relates to the field of medicine. Provided are methods relating to treating, preventing, or delaying disorders relating to cognition, such as cognitive decline, cognitive impairment or dementia. Provided are methods relating to treating, preventing, or delaying heart failure.. Thesculptsociety
The lithium-ion battery of claim 37, further comprising a polymeric separator provided intermediate the positive electrode and the negative electrode. 47. The lithium-ion battery of claim 37, wherein the lithium-ion battery has a capacity between approximately 10 mAh and 1000 mAh. 48.a further embodiment of the invention is a process for stabilizing ascorbic acid for storage, the process comprising combining 0.2% to 0.5% of a cinnamic acid derivative, such as p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, sinapinic acid, a derivative thereof, or a combination thereof; 10% to 60% of a solvent comprising a glycol ether and an alkanediol; and water; …Abstract. An intelligent automated assistant system engages with the user in an integrated, conversational manner using natural language dialog, and invokes external services when appropriate to obtain information or perform various actions. The system can be implemented using any of a number of different platforms, such as the web, email ...Find details of patents to: check if a similar patent to your invention already exists; track the progress of a published patent application; see if patents are available to license;... We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.) 2020-08-11 Filing date 2020-11-30 Publication date 2021-03-18 2020-08-11 Priority claimed from IL276648A external-priority patent/IL276648A/en 2020-08-11 Priority claimed from IL276665A external-priority patent/IL276665A/enSearch by application number, patent number, PCT number, publication number or international design registration number. Application # All fields. Application # Patent # PCT # Publication # Intl. Design Reg. # search. Receive updates from the USPTO. Enter your email to subscribe or update your preferences. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Google Patents is a search platform with 120+ million patent dataset covering in 100+ jurisdiction that makes it one of the best available patent databases. April 24, 2024 +1-202-455-5058 [email protected] Citations (84) Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title. Family To Family Citations. 1983-04-08 1989-03-28 Genentech, Inc. Recombinant immunoglobin preparations. 1986-03-27 1993-07-06 Medical Research Council Recombinant altered antibodies and methods of making altered antibodies.To cite a patent in APA Style, list the name of the inventor, the year it was issued (in parentheses), the title of the patent (in italics), the patent number, the name of the issuing body, and the URL if available. Our free APA Citation Generator can help you create accurate citations quickly and easily. Inventor name, Initials. ( Year ).2. An electronic cigarette, comprising: a housing; a mouthpiece on the housing; an LED at a first end of the housing; an air inlet for providing air into the housing; a battery and a sensor electrically connected to an electronic circuit board within the housing, with the sensor in a stream passage in the housing;A method and system for placing an order to purchase an item via the Internet. The order is placed by a purchaser at a client system and received by a server system. The server system receives purchaser information including identification of the purchaser, payment information, and shipment information from the client system. The server system then …About Google Patents. Coverage. Next: Searching. Google Patents includes over 120 million patent publications from 100+ patent offices around the world, as well as many …Data provided by IFI CLAIMS Patent Services. A method assigns importance ranks to nodes in a linked database, such as any database of documents containing citations, the world wide web or any other hypermedia database. The rank assigned to a document is calculated from the ranks of documents citing it.Description. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION. The present invention relates to an electric rice cooker and, more particularly, to an electric rice cooker in which the cooking heater is controlled in accordance with the actual kettle temperature measured by a temperature sensor, thereby performing the rice cooking operation. Abstract. A spacecraft having a triangular hull with vertical electrostatic line charges on each corner that produce a horizontal electric field parallel to the sides of the hull. This field, interacting with a plane wave emitted by antennas on the side of the hull, generates a force per volume combining both lift and propulsion. Jun 5, 2007 · Similar Documents. Publication Publication Date Title. USD590153S1 2009-04-14 Shoe storage box. USD549454S1 2007-08-28 Storage box. USD600940S1 2009-09-29 Disc container cover. USD529622S1 2006-10-03 Cryogenic storage box. USD598197S1 2009-08-18 Lid for a storage box. USD544762S1 2007-06-19 Food storage container. USD604157S1 2009-11-17 Container. A vaccine is the best measure for the effective prevention and control of COVID-19. There are more than 292 COVID-19 candidates’ vaccines being developed as of July 2021 of which 184 are in human preclinical trials. A patent provides protection and a marketing monopoly to the inventor of an invention for a specified period..